Report · Consumption
The megawatts PJM can't build, it pays people not to use
A units primer: how installed power and delivered energy differ, and the ratio that connects them.
Independent energy research · kwhlab.org
How energy is produced, moved and used, measured with care.
Placeholder standfirst. Reports, briefs and open datasets on generation, storage, transmission, interconnection and demand. Every chart names its source, its retrieval date and its method.
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World electricity generation by source
TWh per year, 2000–2025
CoalOil & other fossilGasNuclearHydroWindSolarBioenergyOther renewables
Show the data as a table
| Year | Coal (TWh) | Oil & other fossil (TWh) | Gas (TWh) | Nuclear (TWh) | Hydro (TWh) | Wind (TWh) | Solar (TWh) | Bioenergy (TWh) | Other renewables (TWh) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 5,808.8 | 1,324.3 | 2,745.6 | 2,540.5 | 2,629.7 | 31.2 | 1.0 | 154.1 | 43.7 |
| 2001 | 5,890.7 | 1,285.2 | 2,914.8 | 2,613.2 | 2,563.7 | 38.2 | 1.4 | 149.6 | 44.2 |
| 2002 | 6,144.3 | 1,271.8 | 3,104.8 | 2,654.8 | 2,611.6 | 52.2 | 1.7 | 162.8 | 45.8 |
| 2003 | 6,575.0 | 1,296.3 | 3,255.5 | 2,601.1 | 2,612.0 | 63.2 | 2.1 | 176.4 | 46.6 |
| 2004 | 6,797.3 | 1,263.7 | 3,503.1 | 2,719.4 | 2,802.6 | 85.5 | 2.8 | 192.4 | 48.3 |
| 2005 | 7,167.2 | 1,277.9 | 3,680.5 | 2,727.0 | 2,911.8 | 104.4 | 4.0 | 212.8 | 48.6 |
| 2006 | 7,567.0 | 1,175.8 | 3,900.6 | 2,761.6 | 3,018.1 | 133.2 | 5.4 | 226.6 | 50.8 |
| 2007 | 8,051.8 | 1,196.1 | 4,219.3 | 2,703.5 | 3,062.8 | 171.2 | 7.3 | 249.3 | 52.8 |
| 2008 | 8,074.2 | 1,171.7 | 4,361.0 | 2,694.7 | 3,245.4 | 220.9 | 11.9 | 266.4 | 56.6 |
| 2009 | 7,950.8 | 1,071.2 | 4,382.4 | 2,656.8 | 3,241.3 | 276.3 | 19.8 | 286.5 | 58.7 |
| 2010 | 8,458.0 | 1,078.7 | 4,807.9 | 2,725.9 | 3,428.2 | 346.0 | 32.2 | 327.2 | 59.7 |
| 2011 | 8,911.0 | 1,186.8 | 4,865.9 | 2,610.3 | 3,488.1 | 440.0 | 63.6 | 345.3 | 61.1 |
| 2012 | 8,960.3 | 1,238.6 | 5,161.4 | 2,432.2 | 3,660.2 | 529.3 | 96.9 | 374.0 | 62.8 |
| 2013 | 9,423.9 | 1,196.8 | 5,058.4 | 2,448.5 | 3,790.8 | 634.1 | 131.8 | 406.5 | 64.3 |
| 2014 | 9,603.8 | 1,143.7 | 5,214.1 | 2,498.7 | 3,870.7 | 706.1 | 197.7 | 442.7 | 69.5 |
| 2015 | 9,283.6 | 1,133.4 | 5,539.8 | 2,532.9 | 3,882.1 | 829.6 | 256.0 | 471.8 | 73.1 |
| 2016 | 9,328.0 | 1,085.1 | 5,849.9 | 2,571.1 | 4,014.8 | 960.3 | 327.5 | 482.1 | 75.9 |
| 2017 | 9,655.1 | 993.8 | 5,973.6 | 2,594.2 | 4,054.0 | 1,139.4 | 444.7 | 507.4 | 78.8 |
| 2018 | 10,033.0 | 908.6 | 6,224.6 | 2,658.7 | 4,176.8 | 1,268.1 | 575.2 | 537.7 | 81.7 |
| 2019 | 9,826.4 | 855.0 | 6,401.3 | 2,754.1 | 4,227.8 | 1,421.0 | 697.9 | 566.0 | 83.0 |
| 2020 | 9,436.2 | 768.5 | 6,381.2 | 2,648.8 | 4,347.0 | 1,591.5 | 853.4 | 600.1 | 86.1 |
| 2021 | 10,157.3 | 830.0 | 6,557.0 | 2,761.0 | 4,288.3 | 1,856.1 | 1,054.0 | 654.2 | 86.3 |
| 2022 | 10,236.3 | 872.0 | 6,626.6 | 2,639.9 | 4,324.1 | 2,105.7 | 1,333.1 | 668.1 | 87.9 |
| 2023 | 10,389.5 | 862.0 | 6,696.5 | 2,700.8 | 4,240.5 | 2,317.1 | 1,664.2 | 682.6 | 88.4 |
| 2024 | 10,539.7 | 837.1 | 6,879.5 | 2,778.8 | 4,435.5 | 2,508.2 | 2,142.9 | 702.3 | 88.4 |
| 2025 | 10,490.3 | 818.4 | 6,896.4 | 2,812.4 | 4,432.3 | 2,711.9 | 2,778.6 | 704.9 | 89.3 |
- Source
- Ember, Yearly Electricity Data (CC BY 4.0)
- Retrieved
- 24 October 2026
- Method
- Methodology §3.1
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How the topics fit togetherProduction, transfer, consumption
01
Production
Generation and capacity by source, storage, fuels and primary energy supply.
Explore production 02Transfer
Transmission, distribution, interconnection, cross-border trade and losses.
Explore transfer 03Consumption
Demand and efficiency by sector, end use and region, from homes to heavy industry.
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ReportBriefData releaseMethodology note
Report · Consumption
[Placeholder] Report on electrification of heat
Placeholder summary. One or two sentences describing the scope and the question the piece addresses, without stating results.
Brief · Transfer
[Placeholder] Brief on grid congestion
Placeholder summary. One or two sentences describing the scope and the question the piece addresses, without stating results.
From the data
Data explorer Capacity is not generation
Power (GW) is a rate; energy (TWh) is an amount over time. We chart them separately, always.
World capacity and generation by source, 2025
Left: installed capacity, GW. Right: electricity generated, TWh. Separate scales.
Show the data as a table
| Source | Capacity (GW) | Generation (TWh) |
|---|---|---|
| Coal | 2,242.4 | 10,490.3 |
| Oil & other fossil | 324.6 | 818.4 |
| Gas | 2,088.0 | 6,896.4 |
| Nuclear | 406.9 | 2,812.4 |
| Hydro | 1,295.7 | 4,432.3 |
| Wind | 1,291.2 | 2,711.9 |
| Solar | 2,391.5 | 2,778.6 |
| Bioenergy | 130.9 | 704.9 |
| Other renewables | 24.0 | 89.3 |
- Source
- Ember, Yearly Electricity Data (CC BY 4.0)
- Retrieved
- 24 October 2026
- Method
- Methodology §2.2
Electricity demand per person, 2024
MWh per person per year, by country
MWh per person< 11–2.52.5–55–1010–15≥ 15No data
Show the data as a table
| Country | ISO numeric | Demand per person (MWh) |
|---|---|---|
| 016 | 016 | 3.85 |
| 028 | 028 | 3.95 |
| 048 | 048 | 23.92 |
| 052 | 052 | 3.93 |
| 060 | 060 | 9.44 |
| 132 | 132 | 0.99 |
| 136 | 136 | 9.54 |
| 184 | 184 | 2.91 |
| 258 | 258 | 2.56 |
| 292 | 292 | 5.59 |
| 296 | 296 | 0.30 |
| 308 | 308 | 2.05 |
| 316 | 316 | 11.09 |
| 344 | 344 | 6.58 |
| 446 | 446 | 8.72 |
| 462 | 462 | 1.61 |
| 470 | 470 | 5.86 |
| 480 | 480 | 2.68 |
| 500 | 500 | 2.28 |
| 520 | 520 | 4.19 |
| 533 | 533 | 9.25 |
| 659 | 659 | 4.91 |
| 662 | 662 | 2.23 |
| 670 | 670 | 1.49 |
| 690 | 690 | 4.83 |
| 702 | 702 | 10.22 |
| 776 | 776 | 0.67 |
| 796 | 796 | 5.80 |
| 882 | 882 | 0.73 |
| Afghanistan | 004 | 0.16 |
| Algeria | 012 | 2.01 |
| Angola | 024 | 0.41 |
| Argentina | 032 | 3.54 |
| Armenia | 051 | 2.57 |
| Australia | 036 | 10.54 |
| Austria | 040 | 7.86 |
| Azerbaijan | 031 | 2.57 |
| Bahamas | 044 | 5.61 |
| Bangladesh | 050 | 0.64 |
| Belarus | 112 | 4.99 |
| Belgium | 056 | 7.34 |
| Belize | 084 | 2.04 |
| Benin | 204 | 0.16 |
| Bhutan | 064 | 15.74 |
| Bolivia | 068 | 1.09 |
| Bosnia and Herz. | 070 | 4.13 |
| Botswana | 072 | 1.85 |
| Brazil | 076 | 3.57 |
| Brunei | 096 | 12.02 |
| Bulgaria | 100 | 5.52 |
| Burkina Faso | 854 | 0.14 |
| Burundi | 108 | 0.04 |
| Cambodia | 116 | 1.13 |
| Cameroon | 120 | 0.25 |
| Canada | 124 | 15.71 |
| Chad | 148 | 0.02 |
| Chile | 152 | 4.48 |
| China | 156 | 7.10 |
| Colombia | 170 | 1.69 |
| Congo | 178 | 0.85 |
| Costa Rica | 188 | 2.19 |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 384 | 0.32 |
| Croatia | 191 | 5.07 |
| Cuba | 192 | 1.77 |
| Cyprus | 196 | 4.26 |
| Czechia | 203 | 6.16 |
| Dem. Rep. Congo | 180 | 0.16 |
| Denmark | 208 | 6.52 |
| Djibouti | 262 | 0.69 |
| Dominican Rep. | 214 | 2.10 |
| Ecuador | 218 | 1.84 |
| Egypt | 818 | 2.03 |
| El Salvador | 222 | 0.98 |
| Eq. Guinea | 226 | 0.79 |
| Eritrea | 232 | 0.13 |
| Estonia | 233 | 6.75 |
| eSwatini | 748 | 1.33 |
| Ethiopia | 231 | 0.18 |
| Fiji | 242 | 1.24 |
| Finland | 246 | 15.26 |
| France | 250 | 7.09 |
| Gabon | 266 | 1.25 |
| Gambia | 270 | 0.19 |
| Georgia | 268 | 3.71 |
| Germany | 276 | 6.18 |
| Ghana | 288 | 0.63 |
| Greece | 300 | 5.65 |
| Greenland | 304 | 10.75 |
| Guatemala | 320 | 0.89 |
| Guinea | 324 | 0.27 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 624 | 0.04 |
| Guyana | 328 | 1.66 |
| Haiti | 332 | 0.07 |
| Honduras | 340 | 1.17 |
| Hungary | 348 | 5.04 |
| Iceland | 352 | 48.42 |
| India | 356 | 1.40 |
| Indonesia | 360 | 1.31 |
| Iran | 364 | 4.30 |
| Iraq | 368 | 3.41 |
| Ireland | 372 | 6.88 |
| Israel | 376 | 7.88 |
| Italy | 380 | 5.37 |
| Jamaica | 388 | 1.73 |
| Japan | 392 | 8.21 |
| Jordan | 400 | 2.05 |
| Kazakhstan | 398 | 5.87 |
| Kenya | 404 | 0.26 |
| Kuwait | 414 | 18.74 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 417 | 2.68 |
| Laos | 418 | 2.01 |
| Latvia | 428 | 3.95 |
| Lebanon | 422 | 0.92 |
| Lesotho | 426 | 0.25 |
| Liberia | 430 | 0.10 |
| Libya | 434 | 4.69 |
| Lithuania | 440 | 4.47 |
| Luxembourg | 442 | 10.04 |
| Macedonia | 807 | 3.85 |
| Madagascar | 450 | 0.08 |
| Malawi | 454 | 0.08 |
| Malaysia | 458 | 5.54 |
| Mali | 466 | 0.22 |
| Mauritania | 478 | 0.46 |
| Mexico | 484 | 2.71 |
| Moldova | 498 | 2.00 |
| Mongolia | 496 | 3.32 |
| Montenegro | 499 | 5.28 |
| Morocco | 504 | 1.18 |
| Mozambique | 508 | 0.48 |
| Myanmar | 104 | 0.40 |
| Namibia | 516 | 1.33 |
| Nepal | 524 | 0.37 |
| Netherlands | 528 | 6.48 |
| New Caledonia | 540 | 10.66 |
| New Zealand | 554 | 8.44 |
| Nicaragua | 558 | 0.78 |
| Niger | 562 | 0.08 |
| Nigeria | 566 | 0.15 |
| North Korea | 408 | 1.02 |
| Norway | 578 | 24.87 |
| Oman | 512 | 9.30 |
| Pakistan | 586 | 0.63 |
| Palestine | 275 | 1.45 |
| Panama | 591 | 2.94 |
| Papua New Guinea | 598 | 0.45 |
| Paraguay | 600 | 3.81 |
| Peru | 604 | 1.73 |
| Philippines | 608 | 1.07 |
| Poland | 616 | 4.52 |
| Portugal | 620 | 5.54 |
| Puerto Rico | 630 | 6.17 |
| Qatar | 634 | 18.59 |
| Romania | 642 | 2.93 |
| Russia | 643 | 8.24 |
| Rwanda | 646 | 0.09 |
| S. Sudan | 728 | 0.05 |
| Saudi Arabia | 682 | 13.39 |
| Senegal | 686 | 0.44 |
| Serbia | 688 | 5.56 |
| Sierra Leone | 694 | 0.02 |
| Slovakia | 703 | 4.83 |
| Slovenia | 705 | 6.75 |
| Solomon Is. | 090 | 0.13 |
| Somalia | 706 | 0.02 |
| South Africa | 710 | 3.85 |
| South Korea | 410 | 12.09 |
| Spain | 724 | 5.65 |
| Sri Lanka | 144 | 0.74 |
| Sudan | 729 | 0.31 |
| Suriname | 740 | 2.74 |
| Sweden | 752 | 13.08 |
| Switzerland | 756 | 7.17 |
| Syria | 760 | 0.98 |
| Taiwan | 158 | 12.43 |
| Tajikistan | 762 | 1.85 |
| Tanzania | 834 | 0.13 |
| Thailand | 764 | 3.24 |
| Timor-Leste | 626 | 0.36 |
| Togo | 768 | 0.23 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 780 | 6.33 |
| Tunisia | 788 | 1.95 |
| Turkey | 792 | 3.89 |
| Turkmenistan | 795 | 3.20 |
| Uganda | 800 | 0.11 |
| United Arab Emirates | 784 | 16.05 |
| United Kingdom | 826 | 4.59 |
| United States of America | 840 | 12.75 |
| Uruguay | 858 | 4.29 |
| Uzbekistan | 860 | 2.32 |
| Venezuela | 862 | 2.82 |
| Vietnam | 704 | 3.04 |
| Yemen | 887 | 0.13 |
| Zambia | 894 | 0.78 |
| Zimbabwe | 716 | 0.73 |
- Source
- Ember, Yearly Electricity Data (CC BY 4.0); boundaries: Natural Earth via world-atlas (public domain)
- Retrieved
- 24 October 2026
- Method
- Methodology §4
How we work
Built to be checked and cited
- Sourced on the chart. Source, retrieval date and method sit in every figure's footer, not in a distant appendix.
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